We study low-latency detections of sparse false data injection attacks in power grids, where an adversary can maliciously manipulate power grid operations by modifying measurements at a small number of smart meters.When a power grid is under attack, the detection delay, which is defined as the time difference between the occurrence and detection of
Background: Cerebrospinal fluid leak is a relatively common problem ranging from 0.5% to 18% with traumatic or incidental injury to the Dura intra-operatively1, 2.Traumatic injury mostly occurs due to mechanical trauma with subsequent thecal sac laceration mainly in the thoracolumbar region.Incidental Dural injury commonly happens in patients under
The planar jet has been proposed to reduce the flow-induced noise.However, the self-noise emission from a single planar jet is a limiting factor on the performance based characteristics of blondor pale quartz this technology.Therefore, this research paper reports an alternative dual planar jets geometry in an attempt to minimize the self-noise of t
This study aimed to establish the fate of copper (Cu) and cobalt (Co) in sandy loam and clay loam soils that had vegemite pop art been irrigated with increasing concentrations of contaminated water.A sequential extraction procedure was used to determine the fractions of Cu and Co in these soils.The concentration of bioavailable Cu and Co on clay lo